Modern maritime law is a combination of ancient rules that originated in early Mediterranean seafaring nations and newer laws. It covers anyone who engages in activities on the water in the event of injury.
A seafaring vessel is generally subject to the territorial jurisdiction of the waters it traverses, regardless of its nationality, the nationality or residence of its owners, or whether or wherever it may be registered. When a vessel is arrested, it is usually by the court to retain jurisdiction. State owned vessels are typically immune from arrest.
In most common law countries, English statutes and case laws are followed. Countries that do not follow English statutes and case laws often have established maritime courts that decide international cases. Principles of maritime law that may be addressed include:
* Injuries to seamen and passengers (seaworthiness, maintenance and cure, and common law negligence against a third party)
* The shipowner's liability
* Maritime liens and mortgages
* Cargo claims
* Treasure and other kinds of salvage
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